In respect of its flora, the Naukluft belongs to one of the most species-rich zones in Namibia. Over 400 plant species – almost 10% of Namibia’s entire flora – have been discovered here to date. This is due not only to the relatively high degree of botanical research conducted here, but also to the unique combination of environmental factors. The different levels of elevation, the diverse subsoils that have arisen through the complex geology, and the influence of occasional winter rainfall could be regarded as the principal reasons for this species richness. The ruggedness of the Naukluft massif, with its limited access to mankind and wildlife alike, has secured this area from all forms of overutilisation.

Thus, one also finds some plants here that are characterised with the Karoo. These comprise mainly dwarf shrubs that belong to plants with composite flowers, e.g. Eriocephalus and Pteronia species, typical elements of the Namib Desert, like the grey desert-brush (Calicorema capitata), and a part of the particularly diverse flora of the pro-Namib such as various species of Commiphora, Cyphostemma bainesii, and Euphorbia guerichiana.

The diversity of habitats has facilitated this great assortment of plant life. Rock overhangs are made up of a variety of rock types like dolomite, quartzite and shale, which have resulted in different soil chemistries. Moist habitats such as the springs and seepage areas in the rivers host plant life that is associated with such environments. Sages, aromatic, mint-like herbs and water-loving grasses are, therefore, not uncommon.

As in other mountainous regions of the country, typical winter rainfall flora have established themselves here as well. On the highest peaks one will find, amongst others, Lithops, Ebracteola and Crassula species.

Plants with a more restricted range – the so-called endemics – also occur here. There are none that are restricted to the mountain massif itself, but there are some species that only occur in its vicinity, especially along the escarpment and similar habitats. These species include the shrubs Euclea asperrima, Lebeckia obovata, and Rhus volkii.

More information about the flora of the Namib can be found in the plant field guide series by Dr Antje Burke

(http://www.enviro-science.info/news)

and in various scientific publications

(http://www.enviro-science.info/about_us/reflist.htm).

* Photos by Antje Burke

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